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Glass box

v1 vs v2

v2 is a time-decayed, opponent-adjusted rating engine built and gated through the same walk-forward discipline as everything else here. It is not live — every forecast on the site today comes from v1. This page is the record of v2's own testing, published before any decision to change that.

Back to the full track record
v1 is the live model. v2 is banked for research and accrues its own real forecasts here, invisible to users, so its record can be judged before it ever ships.

Walk-forward backtest (simulated)

v1 (live)

0.633 +2.08%

265,477 settled

v2 (banked)

0.616 +5.34%

50,492 settled

What each model version would have scored on history, forecasting each match using only results that existed before it. This is slice 1's own gate result — v2 is a time-decayed, opponent-adjusted Dixon-Coles rating engine; v1 is the model as it stood when the improvement program began.

Live forecasts

v1 (live)

0.621 +3.91%

2,094 settled

v2 (banked)

No settled forecasts yet.

Real pre-match snapshots, settled against the result and never edited afterwards. v1 is the live model everyone sees today. v2 accrues its own real forecasts here — banked for research, not shown to users — so its live record can be judged before any decision to ship it.

2026-06-11 to 2026-08-20

v2 is not live: every prediction on the site today comes from v1. This page exists so v2's record — backtest and, as it accrues, live — is visible before any decision to change that, the same glass-box standard applied to everything else here.

By league — backtest

Leaguev1 skillv2 skillΔ
Friendlies Clubs+1.3%-6.8%-8.1%
Copa Sudamericana-2.1%+0.1%+2.2%
Colombia Primera A-3.6%-0.6%+3.0%
Austrian Bundesliga+2.8%+9.7%+7.0%
Copa Libertadores-5.8%+4.6%+10.4%
Argentina Primera Division-2.2%-0.4%+1.7%
Scottish Premiership+5.3%+12.2%+6.9%
G1+3.4%+13.0%+9.6%
B1+2.0%+7.6%+5.7%
Primeira Liga+6.7%+14.3%+7.6%
Eredivisie+4.7%+11.5%+6.8%
D2-1.1%+1.1%+2.2%
T1+1.7%+6.3%+4.7%
Bundesliga+2.8%+7.4%+4.7%
F2-2.1%+1.3%+3.5%
Ligue 1+1.3%+7.4%+6.1%
La Liga+1.5%+7.5%+6.0%
Serie A+3.7%+10.7%+6.9%
I2-1.5%+1.8%+3.3%
Premier League+3.3%+9.3%+6.0%
SP2-3.5%-0.1%+3.4%
E2+0.2%+3.4%+3.3%
E3-0.7%+0.7%+1.4%
Championship-0.8%+1.8%+2.5%

Backtest skill per league, walk-forward on historical results. v2's numbers come from its own gate; v1's from the model's archived record. A league missing a v1 or v2 number hasn't cleared the minimum sample (n=30) yet.

v2

Time-decayed, opponent-adjusted Dixon-Coles ratings (365d half-life) + per-league fitted rho

Gate: pooled 3-class Brier old=0.6380 -> new=0.6162 (Δ=-0.0217), 22/24 leagues improved. Banked for accrual only (Phase 5) — not the live model. Re-derived edge gate + public comparison page + the live flip itself are separate, later steps.

See the live model's full record